ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cardiac Complication Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Besides its severe neurological injuries, spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) commonly causes cardiac complications. These complications could include three different aspects of cardiac diseases, that is, electrocardiographic abnormalities, myocardial injuries, and left ventricular dysfunction. These complications not only may lead to misdiagnosis of SAH as myocardial infarction, but also it may complicate the management of SAH. In this review, we described all cardiac complications during SAH and explained the appropriate monitoring and management of these problems
https://jctm.mums.ac.ir/article_11375_ed204b9c26b6eb74f9c304a8c3822635.pdf
2018-09-01
313
318
10.22038/jctm.2018.32692.1170
Arrhythmia
Aneurysm
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Cardiomyopathy
Mahmoud
Shabestari
shabestarim@mums.ac.ir
1
Cardiologist,Cardiac Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Raphael
Blanc
rblanc29@gmail.com
2
Neuroradiologist, Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Hospital of Rothschild Roundation, Paris 75019, France
AUTHOR
Humain
Baharvahdat
baharvahdath@mums.ac.ir
3
Endovascular Neurosurgeon, Department of Neurosurgery, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,Mashhad,Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamzeh
Dehganizadeh
hamzeh-dh37@gmail.com
4
Neurosurgeon, Department of Neurosurgery, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,Mashhad
AUTHOR
Michel
Piotin
mpiotin@free.fr
5
Neuroradiologist, Interventional Neuroradiology Department, Hospital of Rothschild Roundation, Paris 75019, France
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Responses of Muscle Mitochondrial Function to Physical Activity: A Literature Review
Skeletal muscles play an active role in regulating the metabolic homeostasis through their ability for relating to adipose tissue and endocrine hormones. Contraction of the skeletal muscle leads to increased release of several myokines, such as irisin, which is able to interact with the adipose tissue. Physical activity promotes the irisin mechanism by augmenting the peroxisomes (PGC1-α) in the skeletal muscle. Afterwards, an elevation occurs in the membrane protein of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) in muscle, ultimately resulting in production of irisin. The expression of irisin and FNDC5 converts white adipose into the brown type and increases energy consumption by the whole body hindering obesity and diabetes. The effects of regular exercise training on preventing obesity, diabetes, and the related complications, as well as improving health have already been proven. However, the point is that these beneficial effects are due to the cellular-molecular mechanisms, which are still under discussion. In this review, we searched the online databases, including scientific information database (SID), Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. The following keywords were used: training, physical activity, myokine, adipose tissue, PRDM16, PGC-1α, PPARγ, SIRT1, FGF21, bone morphogenetic protein, neurugolin, VEGF, and IL-15. All the articles, including research studies, review articles, descriptive and analytical studies, in addition to cross-sectional researches published during 1998-2017 were reviewed. According to the obtained results, it seems that expression of irisin and FNDC5 converts the white adipose into brown adipose resulting in increased energy consumption. It has been proven in the literature that regular exercise training prevents obesity, diabetes, and the related complications, as well as improving health.
https://jctm.mums.ac.ir/article_11376_5ca1e99e23d650136ea2299f6640d717.pdf
2018-09-01
319
328
10.22038/jctm.2018.32946.1171
Adipose tissue
Myokine
PGC-1α
Training
keyvan
Hejazi
keyvanhejazi@gmail.com
1
Physiologist, Department of Exercise and Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Toos Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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59. Luo Y, McKeehan WL. Stressed liver and muscle call on adipocytes with FGF21. Frontiers in endocrinology. 2013;4:194.
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60. Kim KH, Jeong YT, Oh H, Kim SH, Cho JM, Kim Y-N, et al. Autophagy deficiency leads to protection from obesity and insulin resistance by inducing Fgf21 as a mitokine. Nature medicine. 2013;19(1):83-92.
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61. Catoire M, Mensink M, Kalkhoven E, Schrauwen P, Kersten S. Identification of human exercise-induced myokines using secretome analysis. Physiological genomics. 2014;46(7):256-67.
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62. Cuevas-Ramos D, Almeda-Valdés P, Meza-Arana CE, Brito-Córdova G, Gómez-Pérez FJ, Mehta R, et al. Exercise increases serum fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e38022.
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63. Pedersen BK, Febbraio MA. Muscles, exercise and obesity: skeletal muscle as a secretory organ. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2012;8(8):457-65.
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64. Scalzo RL, Peltonen GL, Giordano GR, Binns SE, Klochak AL, Paris HL, et al. Regulators of human white adipose browning: evidence for sympathetic control and sexual dimorphic responses to sprint interval training. PLoS One. 2014;9(3):e90696.
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65. Besse-Patin A, Montastier E, Vinel C, Castan-Laurell I, Louche K, Dray C, et al. Effect of endurance training on skeletal muscle myokine expression in obese men: identification of apelin as a novel myokine. International Journal of Obesity. 2014;38(5):707-13.
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67. Whittle AJ, Carobbio S, Martins L, Slawik M, Hondares E, Vázquez MJ, et al. BMP8B increases brown adipose tissue thermogenesis through both central and peripheral actions. Cell. 2012;149(4):871-85.
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68. Harms M, Seale P. Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential. Nature medicine. 2013;19(10):1252.
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69. Argilés JM, López-Soriano FJ, Busquets S. Therapeutic potential of interleukin-15: a myokine involved in muscle wasting and adiposity. Drug discovery today. 2009;14(3):208-13.
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70. Fuster G, Busquets S, Figueras M, Ametller E, Fontes de Oliveira CC, Oliván M, et al. PPARdelta mediates IL15 metabolic actions in myotubes: effects of hyperthermia. Int J Mol Med. 2009;24(1):63-8.
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71. Nielsen AR, Mounier R, Plomgaard P, Mortensen OH, Penkowa M, Speerschneider T, et al. Expression of interleukin‐15 in human skeletal muscle–effect of exercise and muscle fibre type composition. The Journal of physiology. 2007;584(1):305-12.
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72. Harcourt LJ, Holmes AG, Gregorevic P, Schertzer JD, Stupka N, Plant DR, et al. Interleukin-15 administration improves diaphragm muscle pathology and function in dystrophic mdx mice. The American journal of pathology. 2005;166(4):1131-41.
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73. Pistilli EE, Siu PM, Alway SE. Interleukin-15 responses to aging and unloading-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology. 2007;292(4):C1298-C304.
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74. Ruderman NB, Keller C, Richard A-M, Saha AK, Luo Z, Xiang X, et al. Interleukin-6 regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase potential role in the systemic response to exercise and prevention of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes. 2006;55(Supplement 2):S48-S54.
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75. Kelly M, Gauthier M-S, Saha AK, Ruderman NB. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by interleukin-6 in rat skeletal muscle association with changes in cAMP, energy state, and endogenous fuel mobilization. Diabetes. 2009;58(9):1953-60.
75
76. Quinn LS, Anderson BG, Strait-Bodey L, Stroud AM, Argilés JM. Oversecretion of interleukin-15 from skeletal muscle reduces adiposity. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2009;296(1):E191-E202.
76
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool: A useful tool for pain assessment in intensive care units
Pain is a major concern in all intensive care units (ICUs). The proper assessment and management of pain is one of the main goals of patient care in ICUs. Improper evaluation of pain and its over or under treatment can cause significant problems in the process of patient management in ICU. Since most ICU patients are unable to communicate correctly with the ICU team and explain their level of pain, pain assessment can be challenging. Thus, several assessment tools for the evaluation of pain were developed, few of which were validated. Critical Care Pain Observation Tool is a valid and reliable instrument for pain assessment in different ICUs.
https://jctm.mums.ac.ir/article_11374_fbc43db5e568e031ac95a3788e13d15f.pdf
2018-09-01
329
331
10.22038/jctm.2018.32648.1169
CPOT
ICU
Pain
Reza
Basiri
basirir@mums.ac.ir
1
Pulmonologist, Lung Disease Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohaddeseh
Ghelichli
ghelichlim931@mums.ac.ir
2
Resident of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shahrzad
M Lari
larim@mums.ac.ir
3
Pulmonologist, Lung Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
sepide
hejazi
hejazis@mums.ac.ir
4
Pulmonologist, Lung Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Vahidi Rad
vahidirada931@mums.ac.ir
5
Resident of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
1.Stanik-Hutt JA, Soeken KL, Belcher AE, Fontaine DK, Gift AG. Pain experiences of traumatically injured patients in a critical care setting. Am J Crit Care. 2001;10(4):252–9.
1
2. Payen JF, Bosson JL, Chanques G, Mantz J, Labarere J. Pain assessment is associated with decreased duration of mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit: A post hoc analysis of the DOLOREA study. Anesthesiology. 2009;111:1308–16.
2
3. Topolovec-Vranic J, Gelinas C, Li Y, Pollmann-Mudryj MA, Innis J, McFarlan A, Canzian S. Validation and evaluation of two observational pain assessment tools in a trauma and neurosurgical intensive care unit. Pain Res Manag. 2013 ;18(6):e107-14.
3
4. Malchow RJ, Black IH. The evolution of pain management in the critically ill trauma patient: Emerging concepts from the global war on terrorism. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:S346–S357.
4
5. van GL, Ahlers SJ, Brkic Z, et al. Improved analgesia after the realisation of a pain management programme in ICU patients after cardiac surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010;27:900–
5
6. Rijkenberg S, van der Voort PH. Can the critical-care pain observation tool (CPOT) be used to assess pain in delirious ICU patients? J Thorac Dis. 2016;8(5):E285-7.
6
7. Ahlers SJ, van Gulik L, van der Veen AM, van Dongen HP, Bruins P, Belitser SV, de Boer A, Tibboel D, Knibbe CA. Comparison of different pain scoring systems in critically ill patients in a general ICU. Crit Care. 2008;12(1):R15.
7
8.Gélinas C, Fillion L, Puntillo KA, Viens C, Fortier M. Validation of the critical-care pain observation tool in adult patients. Am J Crit Care. 2006 ;15(4):420-7.
8
9. Kollef MH, Levy NT, Ahrens TS, Schaiff R, Prentice D, Sherman G: The use of continuous i.v. sedation is associated with prolongation of mechanical ventilation. Chest 1998, 114: 541-548.
9
10. Kress JP, Pohlman AS, O'Connor MF, Hall JB: Daily interruption of sedative infusions in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. N Engl J Med 2000, 342: 1471-1477.
10
11. Hajiesmaeili MR, Safari S. Pain Management in the Intensive Care Unit: Do We Need Special Protocols? Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine. 2012;1(4):237-238.
11
12. Juarez P, Bach A, Baker M, et al. Comparison of two pain scales for the assessment of pain in the ventilated adult patient. Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2010;29:307–15.
12
13. Herr K, Coyne PJ, McCaffery M, Manworren R, Merkel S. Pain assessment in the patient unable to self-report: Position statement with clinical practice recommendations. Pain Manag Nurs. 2011;12:230–50.
13
14.. Barr J, Fraser GL, Puntillo K, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2013;41:263–306.
14
15. Odhner M, Wegman D, Freeland N, Steinmetz A, Ingersoll GL. Assessing pain control in nonverbal critically ill adults. DCCN – Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing. 2003;22:260–7.
15
16. Ribeiro CJN, de Araújo ACS, Brito SB, et al. Pain assessment of traumatic brain injury victims using the Brazilian version of the Behavioral Pain Scale. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva. 2018;30(1):42-49.
16
17. Gélinas C, Johnston C. Pain assessment in the critically ill ventilated adult: Validation of the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool and physiologic indicators. Clin J Pain. 2007;23:497–505.
17
18. Gélinas C, Fillion L, Puntillo KA. Item selection and content validity of the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool for non-verbal adults. J Adv Nurs. 2009;65:203–16.
18
19. Gélinas C, Tousignant-Laflamme Y, Tanguay A, Bourgault P. Exploring the validity of the bispectral index, the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool and vital signs for the detection of pain in sedated and mechanically ventilated critically ill adults: A pilot study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2011;27:46–52.
19
20. Assessing pain in the critically ill adult. Crit Care Nurse. 2014;34(1):81-3.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Consequences of coronary artery bypass grafting in smokers and addicts
Introduction: The most common cardiac disease is coronary artery disease (CAD) in the world. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is implemented through two standard surgical techniques, namely off-pump beating-heart CABG (OPCABG) and on-pump CABG (ONCABG). The CABG results in various levels of morbidity, especially in smokers and addicts, who have a lower pain threshold. Regarding this, the aim of this study was to clarify several aspects of the consequences of CABG, especially in smokers and addicts. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 125 CABG candidates referring to the Cardiac Department of Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, within 2014-2015. The patients underwent either OPCAB or ONCABG. The recorded data included the type and dosage of intra- and post-operative opioids used for the induction and maintenance of anaesthesia, as well as the volume of packed red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, and platelet. Data analysed using IBM SPSS 19.0 and p-value less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Result: According to the results, the mean age of the patients were 59.4±9.8 years. Out of the 125 participants, 89 and 36 patients underwent ONCABG and OPCABG, 71.9% and 58.3% of whom were male, respectively. The sufentanil dose administered for the induction of anaesthesia was 9.9±2.7 cc in the smokers, which was significantly higher in comparison to the dose (7.3±2.1 cc) used for the non-smokers (P=0.015). Furthermore, the mean doses of dobutamine used for the addicted and non-addiced patients were 4.4±1.8 and 5.5±2.2 cc, respectively, which was significantly different between the two groups (P=0.037). Conclusion: The ONCABG is a common surgical technique, which is used in patients with a more coronary vessel involvement. This study has demonstrated that although the same opioid anaesthetic drugs were used for the smokers and addicted patient, the dose of administered sufentanil was significant different between smokers and non-smokers.
https://jctm.mums.ac.ir/article_11372_1b1f436076152385f867602006f56ebb.pdf
2018-09-01
332
337
10.22038/jctm.2018.32590.1168
Coronary Artery Bypass
Smoker
Outcome
Opium
Behrouz
Mottahedi
motahedib@mums.ac.ir
1
Cardiovascular Surgeon, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University Of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Majid
Ghodsi
md.mghodsi@gmail.com
2
Cardiovascular Surgeon, Faculty of Medicine ,Department Of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty Of Medicine, Mashhad University Of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Bita
Zargaran
bita.zargaran@hotmail.com
3
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Saeedeh
Hajebi Khaniki
hajebis951@mums.ac.ir
4
Msc Student Of Biostatistics, Social Determinants Of Health Research Center, Mashhad University Of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mahnaz
Komeilipour
amarkavanpoya@gmail.com
5
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Kahrom
m.kahrom@gmail.com
6
Cardio Surgeon, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Pegg TJ, Selvanayagam JB, Francis JM, Karamitsos TD, Maunsell Z, Yu L-M, et al. A randomized trial of on-pump beating heart and conventional cardioplegic arrest in coronary artery bypass surgery patients with impaired left ventricular function using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and biochemical markers. Circulation. 2008;118(21):2130-8.
1
2. Cowie M, Mosterd A, Wood D, Deckers J, Poole-Wilson P, Sutton G, et al. The epidemiology of heart failure. European heart journal. 1997;18(2):208-25.
2
3. McMurray JJ, Stewart S. Epidemiology, aetiology, and prognosis of heart failure. Heart. 2000;83(5):596-602.
3
4. Cheng DC, Bainbridge D, Martin JE, Novick RJ. Does off-pump coronary artery bypass reduce mortality, morbidity, and resource utilization when compared with conventional coronary artery bypass? A meta-analysis of randomized trials. Anesthesiology: The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. 2005;102(1):188-203.
4
5. Hernandez F, Cohn WE, Baribeau YR, Tryzelaar JF, Charlesworth DC, Clough RA, et al. In-hospital outcomes of off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass procedures: a multicenter experience. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2001;72(5):1528-34.
5
6. Mohr FW, Morice M-C, Kappetein AP, Feldman TE, Ståhle E, Colombo A, et al. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with three-vessel disease and left main coronary disease: 5-year follow-up of the randomised, clinical SYNTAX trial. The lancet. 2013;381(9867):629-38.
6
7. Lamy A, Devereaux P, Prabhakaran D, Taggart DP, Hu S, Paolasso E, et al. Off-pump or on-pump coronary-artery bypass grafting at 30 days. New England Journal of Medicine. 2012;366(16):1489-97.
7
8. Karbasy SH, Derakhshan P. Effects of opium addiction on level of sensory block in spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine for lower abdomen and limb surgery: a case-control study. Anesthesiology and pain medicine. 2014;4(5).
8
9. Arom KV, Flavin TF, Emery RW, Kshettry VR, Janey PA, Petersen RJ. Safety and efficacy of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2000;69(3):704-10.
9
10. Kissin I. Opioid prescriptions for pain and epidemic of overdose death: can the dramatic reduction in anesthesia mortality serve as an example? Journal of pain research. 2016;9:453.
10
11. Hu S, Li Q, Gao P, Xiong H, Zheng Z, Li L, et al. Simultaneous hybrid revascularization versus off-pump coronary artery bypass for multivessel coronary artery disease. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2011;91(2):432-8.
11
12. Hu S, Zheng Z, Yuan X, Wang W, Song Y, Sun H, et al. Increasing long-term major vascular events and resource consumption in patients receiving off-pump coronary artery bypass: a single-center prospective observational study. Circulation. 2010;121(16):1800-8.
12
13. Palmer G, Herbert MA, Prince SL, Williams JL, Magee MJ, Brown P, et al. Coronary Artery Revascularization (CARE) registry: an observational study of on-pump and off-pump coronary artery revascularization. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2007;83(3):986-92.
13
14. Mukherjee D, Ashrafian H, Kourliouros A, Ahmed K, Darzi A, Athanasiou T. Intra-operative conversion is a cause of masked mortality in off-pump coronary artery bypass: a meta-analysis. European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. 2012;41(2):291-9.
14
15. Pagley PR, Beller GA, Watson DD, Gimple LW, Ragosta M. Improved outcome after coronary bypass surgery in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and residual myocardial viability. Circulation. 1997;96(3):793-800.
15
16. Roach GW, Kanchuger M, Mangano CM, Newman M, Nussmeier N, Wolman R, et al. Adverse cerebral outcomes after coronary bypass surgery. New England Journal of Medicine. 1996;335(25):1857-64.
16
17. van Dijk D, Nierich AP, Jansen EW, Nathoe HM, Suyker WJ, Diephuis JC, et al. Early outcome after off-pump versus on-pump coronary bypass surgery: results from a randomized study. Circulation. 2001;104(15):1761-6.
17
18. Bruins P, te Velthuis H, Yazdanbakhsh AP, Jansen PG, Van Hardevelt FW, de Beaumont EM, et al. Activation of the complement system during and after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery: postsurgery activation involves C-reactive protein and is associated with postoperative arrhythmia. Circulation. 1997;96(10):3542-8.
18
19. Ascione R, Lloyd CT, Underwood MJ, Lotto AA, Pitsis AA, Angelini GD. Inflammatory response after coronary revascularization with or without cardiopulmonary bypass. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2000;69(4):1198-204.
19
20. Diegeler A, Hirsch R, Schneider F, Schilling L-O, Falk V, Rauch T, et al. Neuromonitoring and neurocognitive outcome in off-pump versus conventional coronary bypass operation. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2000;69(4):1162-6.
20
21. Hartman GS, Fun-sun FY, Bruefach M, Barbut D, Peterson JC, Charlson ME, et al. Severity of aortic atheromatous disease diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography predicts stroke and other outcomes associated with coronary artery surgery: a prospective study. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 1996;83(4):701-8.
21
22. Alderman EL, Fisher LD, Litwin P, Kaiser GC, Myers WO, Maynard C, et al. Results of coronary artery surgery in patients with poor left ventricular function (CASS). Circulation. 1983;68(4):785-95.
22
23. Allman KC, Shaw LJ, Hachamovitch R, Udelson JE. Myocardial viability testing and impact of revascularization on prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction: a meta-analysis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2002;39(7):1151-8.
23
24. Passamani E, Davis KB, Gillespie MJ, Killip T, Investigators CP, Associates* T. A randomized trial of coronary artery bypass surgery: survival of patients with a low ejection fraction. New England Journal of Medicine. 1985;312(26):1665-71.
24
25. Di Carli MF, Maddahi J, Rokhsar S, Schelbert HR, Bianco-Batlles D, Brunken RC, et al. Long-term survival of patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction: implications for the role of myocardial viability assessment in management decisions. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 1998;116(6):997-1004.
25
26. Scott SM, Deupree RH, Sharma G, Luchi RJ. VA Study of Unstable Angina. 10-year results show duration of surgical advantage for patients with impaired ejection fraction. Circulation. 1994;90(5 Pt 2):II120-3.
26
27. Ueki C, Sakaguchi G, Akimoto T, Ohashi Y, Sato H. On-pump beating-heart technique is associated with lower morbidity and mortality following coronary artery bypass grafting: a meta-analysis. European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. 2016;50(5):813-21.
27
28. Masuda M, Kuwano H, Okumura M, Amano J, Arai H, Endo S, et al. Thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in Japan during 2012. General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 2014;62(12):734-64.
28
29. Deshpande C, Mohite S, Kamdi P. Sufentanil vs fentanyl for fast-track cardiac anaesthesia. Indian journal of anaesthesia. 2009;53(4):455.
29
30. Chiang H-L, Chia Y-Y, Lin H-S, Chen C-H. The implications of tobacco smoking on acute postoperative pain: a prospective observational study. Pain Research and Management. 2016;2016.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Is Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction Associated With with Coronary Heart Disease?
Introduction: Previous cohort studies reported contradictory data on the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and coronary heart disease (CHD). Regarding this, the present study was conducted to illuminate this relationship. Materials and Methods: For the purpose of the study, 3,066 participants employed in a study conducted by Azizi et al. aged ≥ 20 years were subjected to thyroid function tests every 3 years over a mean follow-up of 10 years. After the exclusion of the subjects with CHD and those consumed thyroid, anti-thyroid, or corticosteroid preparations, 2,144 subjects remained for analysis and followed up for CHD events in the next 10 years. Results: At the baseline, 1929, 139, and 76 subjects had euthyroid, subclinical hyperthyroid, and subclinical hypothyroid, respectively. No CHD event occurred in the subclinical hypothyroid group. After the adjustment of all confounders, the subclinical hyperthyroid group had the hazard ratio of 1.01 for CHD with a 95% confidence interval of 0.36-2.85. Conclusions: The 10 year follow-up of subjects with subclinical thyroid disease revealed no relationship between CHD and subclinical thyroid disorders.
https://jctm.mums.ac.ir/article_11377_60cdac69b591a43b32d8ef43ad2def43.pdf
2018-09-01
338
343
10.22038/jctm.2018.33242.1172
Coronary Heart Disease
Cardiovascular Mortality
Subclinical Thyroid Disorders
Elaheh
Barghchi
barghchie@yahoo.com
1
Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fereidoun
Azizi
azizi@endocrine.ac.ir
2
Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Canaris GJ, Manowitz NR, Mayor G, Ridgway EC. The Colorado thyroid disease prevalence study. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160: 526-34. PMID 10695693
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2. Sawin CT, Castelli WP, Hershman JM, McNamara P, Bacharach P. The aging thyroid. Thyroid deficiency in the Framingham Study. Arch Intern Med 1985; 145: 1386-8.PMID 4026469
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3. Tunbridge WM, Evered DC, Hall R, Appleton D, Brewis M, Clark F, et al. The spectrum of thyroid disease in a community:theWhickhamsurvey.ClinEndocrinol (Oxf)1977; 7: 481-93.PMID 598014
3
4. Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, Hannon WH, Gunter EW, Spencer CA,et al. Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United Statespopulation (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES III). J ClinEndocrinolMetab 2002; 87: 489-99.PMID 11836274
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5. World Health Organization, World Health Report 1997: Conquering Suffering, Enriching Humanity. Geneva, Switzerland, WHO, 1997. P39
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6. Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Adams RJ, Berry JD, Brown TM,et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011; 123: e18-e209.PMID 21160056
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7. Danese MD, Ladenson PW, Meinert CL, Powe NR. Clinical review 115: effect of thyroxine therapy on serum lipoproteins in patients with mild thyroid failure: a quantitative review of the literature. J ClinEndocrinolMetab 2000; 85: 2993-3001.PMID 10999775
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8. Sawin CT, Geller A, Wolf PA, Belanger AJ, Baker E, Bacharach P, et al. Low serum thyrotropin concentrations as a risk factorfor atrial fibrillation in older persons. N Engl J Med 1994;331(19):1249-52.PMID 7935681
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9. Bell GM, Sawers JS, Forfar JC, Doig A, Toft AD. The effect of minor increments in plasma thyroxine on heart rate and urinary sodium excretion.ClinEndocrinol (Oxf) 1983; 18: 511-6.PMID 6409460
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10. Biondi B, Palmieri EA, Fazio S, Cosco C, Nocera M, SaccàL,etal.Endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism affects quality of life and cardiac morphology and function in young and middle-aged patients. J ClinEndocrinolMetab 2000; 85: 4701-5.PMID 1113413
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11. Biondi B, Fazio S, Palmieri EA, Carella C, Panza N, CittadiniA,etal.Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. J ClinEndocrinolMetab 1999;84(6):2064-7.PMID 8936662
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12. Cappola AR, Fried LP, Arnold AM, Danese MD, Kuller LH, Burke GL,et al Thyroid status, cardiovascular risk, and mortality in older adults. JAMA 2006 ;295(9):1033-41.PMID 16507804
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13. Rodondi N, Newman AB, Vittinghoff E, de Rekeneire N, Satterfield S, Harris TB, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of heart failure, othercardiovascular events, and death. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165(21):2460-6.PMID 16314541
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14. Boekholdt SM, Titan SM, Wiersinga WM, Chatterjee K, Basart DC, Luben R, et al. Initial thyroid status and cardiovascular risk factors: the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. ClinEndocrinol (Oxf) 2010;72: 404-10.PMID 19486022
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15. Asvold BO, Bjøro T, Nilsen TI, Gunnell D, Vatten LJ. Thyrotropin levels andrisk of fatal coronary heart disease: the HUNT study. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168: 855-60.PMID 18443261
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16. Iervasi G, Molinaro S, Landi P, Taddei MC, Galli E, MarianiF,etal.Association between increased mortality and mild thyroid dysfunctionin cardiac patients. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167: 1526-32.PMID 17646607
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17. Razvi S, Weaver JU, Vanderpump MP, Pearce SH. The incidence of ischemic heart disease and mortality in people with subclinical hypothyroidism: reanalysis of the Whickham Survey cohort. J ClinEndocrinolMetab 2010; 95: 1734-40.PMID 20150579
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18. Vanderpump MP, Tunbridge WM, French JM, Appleton D, Bates D, Clark F, et al. The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey. ClinEndocrinol (Oxf) 1995; 43: 55-68. PMID 7641412
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19. Vanderpump MP, Tunbridge WM, French JM, Appleton D, Bates D, Clark F, et al. The development of ischemic heart disease in relation to autoimmune thyroid disease in a 20-year follow-up study ofan English community. Thyroid 1996; 6: 155-60.PMID 8837320
19
20. Walsh JP, Bremner AP, Bulsara MK, O'Leary P, Leedman PJ, Feddema P, et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction as a risk factor forcardiovascular disease. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165: 2467-72.PMID 16314542
20
21. Imaizumi M, Akahoshi M, Ichimaru S, Nakashima E, Hida A, Soda M,etal.Risk for ischemic heartdisease and all-cause mortality in subclinical hypothyroidism. J ClinEndocrinolMetab 2004; 89: 3365-70.PMID 15240616
21
22. .Ochs N, Auer R, Bauer DC, Nanchen D, Gussekloo J, CornuzJ,etal.Meta-analysis: subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk for coronary heartdisease and mortality. Ann Intern Med 2008; 148: 832-45.PMID 18490668
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23. Rodondi N, den Elzen WP, Bauer DC, Cappola AR, Razvi S, Walsh JP,et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and therisk of coronary heart disease and mortality. JAMA 2010; 304: 1365-74.PMID 20858880.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cardiac Myxoma, a Rare But Most Common Encountered Cardiac Tumor: A Single Center Experience
Introduction: Cardiac myxoma is a benign and rare tumor, which can present with a grim phenomenon if the presentation is late or the diagnosis and surgery are delayed. The purpose of this study was to share our institutional experience of cardiac myxoma. Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate patients undergoing procedures at a single tertiary care centre for the treatment of cardiac myxoma during January, 2007 to December, 2017. Preoperative diagnosis was made by assessing clinical presentation and doing echocardiography. Complete tumor excision was performed, and all the patients were followed up for recurrence and complications. Results: A total of 45 cases of cardiac myxoma (13 males and 32 females) with the mean age of 37.5 years old (ranged between 16 and 60 years old) were operated over the period of 10 years. Cardiac myxoma constituted about 0.69% of all cardiac cases operated at our institute. Out of all the subjects, 41, 3, and 1 cases had left atrial, right atrial, and right ventricular involvements, respectively. Additionally, 43 patients (95%) survived the surgery, one recurrence was observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Cardiac myxoma is the most common cardiac tumor account for very small percentage of patients with heart disease. Early clinical suspicion and the use of imaging modalities are key to early diagnosis of this condition. Although these tumors have a risk for severe cardiac and systemic symptoms, referral to experienced centers for prompt surgical resection under cardiopulmonary bypass provides excellent early and long-term results.
https://jctm.mums.ac.ir/article_11371_2a182971d33a1e9b281599ccad7afd03.pdf
2018-09-01
344
349
10.22038/jctm.2018.32303.1166
Atrial Myxoma
Cardiac Myxoma
Cardiac Tumour
Satish
Das
satishdas5@yahoo.co.uk
1
Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgeon, Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Government medical college & Super speciality Hospital, Nagpur 440009 , Maharashtra, India.
AUTHOR
Chandan
Ray Mohapatra
bapun39@gmail.com
2
Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgeon, Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Government medical college & Super speciality Hospital, Nagpur 440009 , Maharashtra, India.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ashish
Badkhal
badkhal_ashish@rediffmail.com
3
Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgeon, Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Government medical college & Super speciality Hospital, Nagpur 440009 , Maharashtra, India.
AUTHOR
Sudhir
Dhande
sudhirdhande2@gmail.com
4
Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgeon, Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Government medical college & Super speciality Hospital, Nagpur 440009 , Maharashtra, India.
AUTHOR
Pankaj
Pohekar
drpanksp@gmail.com
5
Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgeon, Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Government medical college & Super speciality Hospital, Nagpur 440009 , Maharashtra, India.
AUTHOR
Ambrish
Khatod
ambrish.vkhatod@gmail.com
6
Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgeon, Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Government medical college & Super speciality Hospital, Nagpur 440009 , Maharashtra, India.
AUTHOR
McAllister H, Fenoglio J: Tumors of the cardiovascular system. In: Hartmannn W, Cowan W (eds.): Atlas of tumor pathology. Washington,DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology 1978: 1–20
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MacGowan SW, Sidhy P, Aherne T, Luke D, Wood AE, Neligan MC. Atrial myxoma: national incidence, diagnosis and surgical management. Isr J Med Sci. 1993;162:223e22
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Castells E, Ferran V, Octavio de Toledo MC, Calbet JM, Benito M. Cardiac myxomas: surgical management, long term results and recurrence. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 1993;34:49e53.
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Keeling IM, Oberwalder P, Anneli-Monti M, Schuchlenz H. Cardiac myxomas: 24 years of experience in 49 patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2002;22:971e977.
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David R. Jones, Herbert E. Warden, Gordon F. Murray, Ronald C. Hill, Geoffrey M. Graeber, Jose L. Cruzzavala, et al. Biatrial approach to cardiac myxomas: A 30 year clinical experience. Ann Thorac Surg. 1995;59:851-6.
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Centofanti P, Di Rosa E, Deorsola L, Dato GM, Patane F, LaTorre M, et al. Primary cardiac tumors: Early and late results of surgical treatment in 91 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 1999, 68: 1236-41.
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Peachell JL, Mullen JC, Bently MJ. Biatrial Myxoma: A Rare Cardiac Tumor. Ann Thorac Surg. 1998;67:1768-9.
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Padhy K, Krishnagopal K, Sabanayagam N, Pereira IP, Nachiappan M. Atrial Myxoma: 8 year JIPMER Experience. IJTCVS. 2001;17:230-2.
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Bortolotti V, Maraglino G, Rubino M, Santini F, Mazzucco A, Milano A, et al; Surgical excision of intracardiac myxoma: A 20 year follow up. Ann Thorac Surg. 1990;49:449-53.
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Obeid AI, Marvasti M, Parker F, Rosenberg J. Comparison oftransthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in diagnosis of left atrial myxomas. Am J Cardiol. 1989;63:1006–8
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Tighe DA, Rousou JA, Kenia S, Kulshrestha P. Transesophageal echocardiography in the management of mitral valve myxoma. Am Heart J. 1995;130:627-9.
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Ahraaz Wyne, Medicine 2010, Reviewed by Dr. David Massel. A Look at Cardiac Myxoma, UWOMJ 77(2) 2008
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Dato GMA, Benidictis M, Dato AA, Ricci A, Sommariva L, Depaulis R. Long term follow up of cardiac myxoma, (7-31years). Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery. 1993;34(2):114-43.
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Khan MS, Sanki PK, Hossain MZ, Charles A, Bhattacharya S, Sarkar UN. Cardiac myxoma: A surgical experience of 38 patients over 9 years, at SSKM hospital Kolkata, India. South Asian J Cancer 2013;2:83-6
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Mishra, Amit et al. Operative management of intracardiac myxomas: A single center experience Medical Journal Armed Forces India , Volume 70 , Issue 1 , 5 – 9
27
Jones DR, Warden HE, Murray GF, Hill RC, Graeber GM, Cruzzavala JL, et al. Biatrial approach to cardiac myxomas: A 30-year clinical experience. Ann Thorac Surg. 1995;59:851–6.
28
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29
Bhan, A, Mehrotra, R, Choudhary, K, et al. Surgical experience with intracardiac myxomas: Long-term follow-up. Ann Thorac Surg. 1998;66:810.
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Bakaeen FG, Reardon MJ, Coselli JS, Miller CC, Howell JF, Lawrie GM, Espada R, Ramchandani MK, Noon GP, Weilbaecher DG, DeBakey ME. Surgical outcome in 85 patients with primary cardiac tumors. The American Journal of Surgery. 2003 Dec 1;186(6):641-7.
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Centofanti P, Di Rosa E, Deorsola L, Dato GM, Patane F, La Torre M, Barbato L, Verzini A, Fortunato G, di Summa M. Primary cardiac tumors: early and late results of surgical treatment in 91 patients. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 1999 Oct 1;68(4):1236-41..
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33
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34
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35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A very rare case of metachronous multicentric giant cell tumor of bone with benign lung metastasis in form of a very large mass lesion
Giant cell tumour (GCT) is a benign, locally aggressive tumour of the bone that accounts for 5% of primary bone tumours and 21% of benign bone tumours. This tumour more commonly presents as a single (solitary) lesion; however, it may appear with multiple (multicentric) lesions in less than 1% of the cases. According to the literature, 1-9% of solitary GCTs metastasizes to the lung, more commonly in cases with local recurrence. There are limited case reports on multicentric GCT (MCGCT) in the literature. The MCGCT can be synchronous or metachronous depending upon the time interval between the two lesions. Herein, we presented a very rare case of metachronous MCGCT with benign lung metastasis in form of a huge lung mass.
https://jctm.mums.ac.ir/article_11373_87830593a3da274dd26fc94c23c6323f.pdf
2018-09-01
350
354
10.22038/jctm.2018.32639.1167
Multicentric
Giant cell tumor
Metastasis
Metachronous
Lung mass
PET-CT
Shekhar
Gangadhar Kadam
drshekharkadam@gmail.com
1
Respiratory Medicine, Department Of Respiratory Medicine, Jaslok Hospital And Research Center, Edarm (Ers),Idccm, Fnab, Edic, Fccp
LEAD_AUTHOR
Susheel
Bindroo
drsusheelbindroo@gmail.com
2
Respiratory Medicine, Department Of Respiratory Medicine, Jaslok Hospital And Research Center, India
AUTHOR
Jithin
Krishnan
healinghands87@gmail.com
3
Respiratory Medicine, Department Of Respiratory Medicine, Jaslok Hospital And Research Center, India
AUTHOR
Hina
Jayantilal Shah
drhinashah@live.com
4
Nuclear Medicine, Department Of Nuclear Medicine, Jaslok Hospital And Research Centre, India
AUTHOR
Vikram
Ramchandra Lele
vikram.lele@gmail.com
5
Nuclear Medicine, Department Of Nuclear Medicine, Jaslok Hospital And Research Center, India
AUTHOR
Ganapathi
Bhat
dr_bhat2@yahoo.com
6
Oncologist, Department of Medical Oncology,Jaslok Hospital And Research Center, India
AUTHOR
Siebenrock KA, Unni KK, Rock MG: Giant-cell tumor of bone metastasising to the lungs: a long-term follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 1998, 80:43–47.
1
Dominkus M, Ruggieri P, Bertoni F, Briccoli A, Picci P, Rocca M, Mercuri M: Histologically verified lung metastases in benign giant cell tumours-1 cases from a single institution. IntOrthop 2006, 30:499–504.
2
Muheremu A, Niu X. Pulmonary metastasis of giant cell tumor of bones. World Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2014; 12:261.
3
Viswanathan S, Jambhekar NA: Metastatic giant cell tumor of bone: are there associated factors and best treatment modalities? ClinOrthopRelat Res 2010, 468:827–833
4
Dhillon MS, Prasad P. Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone. Acta Orthop Belg 2007;73:289-99.
5
Hoch B, Inwards C, Sundaram M, Rosenberg AE. Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone. Clinicopathologic analysis of thirtycases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2006; 88: 1998-2008.
6
Park IH, Jeon IH. Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone: ten lesions at presentation. Skeletal Radiol 2003;32:526-9
7
Rock MG: Curettage of giant-cell tumor of bone: factor influencing local recurrences and metastasis. ChirOrganiMov 1990, 75(Suppl. 1):204–205.
8
9. Bosi T C C,Andrade1 F C G, Turtelli C M T, Ribeiro Júnior H A, Fatureto M C, Etchebehere R M. Lung metastasis of benign giant cell tumor: a case report.Radiol Bras [online]. 2008; 41(3): 207-209.
9
Ozkan C, KalaciaA,Ozbarlas S. Giant-Cell Tumor of Bone with Pulmonary Metastases :Treatment by Combination of Chemotherapy and Whole-Lung Radiotherapy. Fırat Tıp Dergisi 2007;12(4): 306-310
10
Tepeoglu M, Ozdemir B H. Pulmonary Metastasis of Benign Giant Cell Tumour of Bone Diagnosed By Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology. Erciyes Med J 2013; 35(3): 167-70 • DOI: 10.5152/etd.2013.27
11
Boghani A, Gayathri K, Ratnakar KS. Endobronchial metastasis from giant cell tumor of bone. Chest 1994; 106:1599‑601.
12
Gupta SS, Kumar N, Mehrotra B. Endobronchial metastasis in benign giant cell tumor of bone in a 25-year male -Second case report with literature review. Lung India : Official Organ of Indian Chest Society. 2015; 32(4):409-410.
13
Tandra VS, Kotha KMR, Satyanarayana MGV, Vadlamani KV, Yerravalli V. Synchronous Multicentric Giant Cell Tumor of Distal Radius and Sacrum with Pulmonary Metastases.Case Rep Oncol Med, 2015:354158.
14
Naam NH, Jones SL, Floyd J, et al. Multicentric giant cell tumor of the fourth and fifth metacarpals with lung metastases. Hand (N Y) 2014;9:389–392
15
Strauss LG, Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss A, Koczan D, Bernd L, Haberkorn U, Ewerbeck V, et al. 18F-FDG kinetics and gene expression in giant cell tumors. J Nucl Med. 2004;45:1528–3.
16
Tubbs WS, Brown LR, Beabout JW, Rock MG, Unni KK: Benign giant-cell tumor of bone with pulmonary metastases: clinical findings and radiologic appearance of metastases in 13 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1992, 158:331–334.
17
US Food and Drug Administration FDA approves Xgeva to treat giant cell tumor of the bone. 2013. [Accessed May 5, 2015]. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm356528.htm
18
Akaike K, Suehara Y, Takagi T, Kaneko K and Saito T: An eggshell‑like mineralized recurrent lesion in the popliteal region after treatment of giant cell tumor of the bone with denosumab. Skeletal Radiol 43: 1767‑1772, 2014
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Late lumen loss in thoracic aortic end graft after endovascular procedure of a traumatic pseudoaneurysm
We report the case of a 23-year-old woman who died due to endograft stenosis 20 months after thoracic endovascular aortic repair. The patient presented with the pseudocoarctation syndrome. Although angioplasty of stenosis endograft was successfully performed, severe metabolic complications were lethal.
https://jctm.mums.ac.ir/article_11370_e991bcbd368b9322eb54ef1fa7f52a6e.pdf
2018-09-01
355
359
10.22038/jctm.2018.31635.1162
Angioplasty
Endograft Obstraction
Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Thoracic Aortic Psudoaneurysm
Asal
Yadollahi
yadollahia931@mums.ac.ir
1
Cardivascolar Department, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad university of medical science, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Aliasghar
Moeinipour
moinipoora1@mums.ac.ir
2
Cardiac Surgeon, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid
Hoseinikhah
hoseinikhahh@mums.ac.ir
3
Cardiac Surgeon, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Javad
Ramezani
ramezanij@mums.ac.ir
4
Cardiologist, Atherosclerosis Prevention Research Center and Department of Cardiovascular, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Heijmen RH, Deblier IG, Moll FL, Dossche KM, van den Berg JC, Overtoom TT, Ernst SM, Schepens MA: Endovascular stent-grafting for descending thoracic aortic aneurysms.Eur J CardiothoracSurg 2002, 21:5-9.
1
2. Forbes TL, Ricco JB .The role of mandatory lifelong annual surveillance following thoracic endovascular repair. Eur J VascEndovasc Surg. 2012 Dec;44(6):542.
2
3. Clough RE, Mani K, Lyons OT, et al: Endo vascular treatment of acute aortic syndrome.
3
J Vasc Surg54J VascSurg54(6):1580–1587, 2011
4
4. Scharrer-Pamler R, Kotsis T, Kapfer X, Gorich J, Orend KH, Sunder-Plassmann L: Complications after endovascular treatment ofthoracic aortic aneurysms.JEndovascTher 2003, 10:711-718.
5
5. Hansen CJ, Bui H, Donayre CE, Aziz I, Kim B, Kopchok G, WalotI,Lee J, Lippmann M, White RA: Complications of endovascular repair of high-risk and emergent descending thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections.JVascSurg 2004, 40:228-234
6
6. Ellozy SH, Carroccio A, Minor M, Jacobs T, Chae K, Cha A, AgarwalG, Goldstein B, Morrissey N, Spielvogel D, Lookstein RA, Teodor-escu V, Hollier LH, Marin ML: Challenges of endovascular tube graft repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm: midterm follow-up and lessons learned.JVascSurg 2003, 38:676-683.
7
7. Tang GL, Tehrani HY, Usman A, Katariya K, Otero C, Perez E, Eskandari MK. Reduced mortality, paraplegia, and stroke with stent graft repair of blunt aortic transections: a modern meta-analysis. J VascSurg 2008;47:671 5.
8
8. Xenos ES, Abedi NN, Davenport DL, Minion DJ, Hamdallah O, Sorial EE, Endean ED. Meta-analysis of endovascular vs open repair for traumatic descending thoracic aortic rupture. J VascSurg 2008;48: 1343-51.
9
9. Beach JM, Kuramochi Y, Brier C, Roselli EE, Eagleton MJ. Durable outcomes of thoracic endovascular aortic repair with Zenith TX1 and TX2 devices. J Vasc Surg. 2017 May;65(5):1287-1296
10
10. Murad MH, Rizvi AZ, Malgor R, et al: Comparative effectiveness of the treatments for thoracic aortic transection. J VascSurg 53(1):193–199, e1–21, 2011
11
11. Michael P. Siegenthaler ,RamazanCelik , JoergHaberstroh , Pietro Bajona , Heike Goebel , Kerstin Brehm , WulfEuringer , FriedhelmBeyersdorf. Thoracic endovascular stent grafting inhibits aortic growth: an experimental study .Eur J CardiothoracSurg (2008) 34 (1): 17-24.
12
12. Jones WB, Taylor SM, Kalbaugh CA, Joels CS, Blackhurst DW, Langan EM 3rd, et al. Lost to follow-up: a potential under-appreciated limitation of endovascular aneurysm repair. J VascSurg 2007;46: 434-41.
13